1 [Jacob Theodor Klein, see Chapter 3, Lesson 10, note 36.]

2 [Descriptiones tubulorum marinorum, in quorum censum relati lapides caudae cancri, Gesneri, & his similes; Belemnitae, eorum que alueoli, secundum dispositionem musei Kleiniani, addita est Dissertatio Epistolaris de pilis marinis, cum figuris. Danzig: Knochium, 1731, x + 26 + 4 p. + 10 pls.]

3 [Naturalis dispositio echinodermatum, accesseit Lucubratiuncula de aculeis echinorum marinorum, cum Spicilegio de belemnitis. Danzig: Thomas Johann Schreiber, 1734, 79 p. + 36 pls.]

4 [François-Alexandre Aubert de La Chesnaye-Desbois (born 17 June 1699, Ernée, Pays de la Loire; died 29 February 1784, Paris), a French writer, translator, genealogist, and compiler, author of a great number of publications, most of which are rare or no longer exist. He has been strongly criticized for his bias in some of his works and for having made statements for which he did not always check authenticity, but it should not be forgotten that he was forced to work for publishers who often exploited his poverty.]

5 [Ordre naturel des oursins de mer et fossils, avec des observations sur les piquans des oursins de mer, et quelques remarques sur les bélemnites. Paris: Jean-Baptiste-Claude Bauche, 1754, 235 p. + 28 pls.]

6 [Historiae piscium naturalis promovendae. Pt. I. De lapillis eorumque numero in craniis piscium, cum praefatione: De piscium auditu; pt. II. De piscibus per pulmones spirantibus ad justum numerum et ordinem redigendis; pt. III. De piscibus per branchias occultas spirantibus ad justum numerum et ordinem redigendis; pt. IV. De piscibus per branchias apertas spirantibus ad justum numerum et ordinem redigendis; pt. V. De piscibus per branchias apertas spirantibus. Horum series secunda cum additionibus ad missus II. III. IV. et epistola: De cornu piscis carinae navis impacto. Danzig: Schreiberianis, 5 pts in 1 vol., [53] leaves of plates (49 folded), ills (engravings), port.]

7 [Klein was well ahead of his time in recognizing that otoliths can be used to age fishes, that otolith morphology is species specific, and that those of members of certain groups of fishes are similar in shape and size: “If anyone undertakes a careful examination of the otoliths, as we hope, he will be able to study and determine, from the number and the size of thin sheets or fibers, according to their diversity among genera and species, the age of individuals, as people commonly do from the circles of a stump to calculate the age of the trees. It is amazing to realize that, among the variety of forms, the otoliths of members of the same family, like pike, salmons and allies, turbots and allies, loaches and allies, shad and allies, and all others, are also so similar in their general aspect; and even though they may have similar elliptical or circular appearance, they can be distinguished by their shape and size, incisures, serrations, rays, and so on.” For a contemporary review of Klein’s Historiae piscium naturalis promovendae, see Eames 1742.]

8 [Summa dubiorum circa classes quadrupedum et amphibiorum in Celebris domini Caroli Linnaei Systemate naturae: sive Naturalis quadrupedum historiae promovendae prodromus cum praeludio de crustatis adjecti discursus: I. De ruminantibus; II. De periodo vitae humanae collato cum brutis. Cum figuris. Leipzig: Gleditsch; Danzig: Schreiber, 62 pp. + 2 pls. A slightly modified French translation of the same was published in 1754: Doutes ou observations de M. Klein, secrétaire de la ville de Dantzig, de la Société royale de Londres, & de l’Institut de Bologne, sur la revue des animaux, faite par le premier homme, sur quelques animaux des classes des quadrupèdes et amphibies du Système de la nature, de M. Linnaeus. Et des remarques sur les crustacés, sur les animaux qui ruminent et sur la vie de l’homme comparée avec celle des animaux. Avec figures. Ouvrage traduit du Latin. Paris: Jean-Baptiste-Claude Bauche, 1754, 108 p. + 1 pl.]

9 [“Linnaeus, who had been violently attacked by Klein, apparently wished to avenge himself against him as he did against Buffon —the only vengeance appropriate to a true scientist, if indeed even that was appropriate, the vengeance of not mentioning him at all” (Cuvier 1828, p. 115; Cuvier 1995, p. 101). For more on the conflict between Klein and Linnaeus, see Pietsch & Aili 2014, pp. 54-56.]

10 [Historiae avium prodromus, cum praefatione de ordine animalium in genere, accessit historia muris alpini et vetus vocabularium animalium msc. cum figuris. Lübeck: Ionam Schmidt, 1750, [xvi] + 238 p.]

11 [Quadrupedum dispositio et brevisque historia naturalis. Leipzig: Ionam Schmidt, 1751, [xvi] + 238 p.]

12 [Ostracology, a treatise concerning the shells of mollusks, especially bivalves and gastropods, more often referred to as conchology.]

13 [Tentamen methodi ostracologiae, sive dispositio naturalis cochlidum et concharum in suas classes, genera et species. Leiden: G. J. Wishoff, 1753, [x] + 177 + [35] + 44 + 16 + [29] p.]

14 [Tentamen herpetologiae. Leiden; Göttingen: Eliam Luzac, 1755, iv + 72 p. + 2 pls.]

15 [Stemmata avium, quadraginta tabulis aeneis ornata; accedunt nomenclatores, Polono-latinus et Latino-polonus. Geschlechtstafeln der Vögel, mit vierzig Kupfern erläutert. Leipzig: Adam. Henr. Holle, 1759, [xiv] + 48 p. + 40 pls.]

16 [This comment by Cuvier (or rather Magdeleine de Saint-Agy) refers to criticism of Linnaeus made by Klein in 1743; see note 8, above.]

17 [For Klein’s classification of quadrupeds, see Klein 1743; note 8, above.]

18 [Acanthion, now a subgenus of Old World porcupines of the genus Hystrix, containing two species, the Sunda porcupine, H. javanica, and the Malayan porcupine, H. brachyura.]

19 [For Klein’s classification of birds, see Klein 1750; note 10, above.]

20 [For Klein’s classification of fishes, see Klein 1740; note 6, above.]